Blog

THE PASSION FOR WRITING

Qemu fsfreeze hook

Tratto da https://kb.kurgan.org/PVE

Uso di Qemu-agent

Abilitando l’agent nella configurazione della VM, e installando l’agent dentro la VM, è possibile gestire alcune funzioni di comunicazione fra host e guest. Una delle funzioni più comode è quella del freeze del file system nel momento in cui viene fatto uno snapshot (per esempio per i backup) per avere dei backup il più possibile congruenti. Per il file system, il semplice fatto di avere l’agente installato e abilitato è sufficiente. Per un database, tuttavia, è opportuno configurare uno script apposta.

Il pacchetto Debian da installare nel guest si chiama qemu-guest-agent

Qemu-agent e Mysql su guest Debian

Per fare interagire Mysql (o Mariadb) con qemu-agent occorre:

  • Installare il pacchetto dell’agent

  • Modificare il file di init /etc/init.d/qemu-guest-agent aggiungendo il parametro “-F” nella variabile DAEMON_ARGS, in queso modo: DAEMON_ARGS="-F"

  • Riavviare qemu-guest-agent

  • Creare la directory /etc/qemu

  • Creare la directory /etc/qemu/fsfreeze-hook.d

  • Creare lo script /etc/qemu/fsfreeze-hook, contenente quanto segue: 

    #!/bin/bash

# This script is executed when a guest agent receives fsfreeze-freeze and
# fsfreeze-thaw command, if it is specified in --fsfreeze-hook (-F)
# option of qemu-ga or placed in default path (/etc/qemu/fsfreeze-hook).
# When the agent receives fsfreeze-freeze request, this script is issued with
# "freeze" argument before the filesystem is frozen. And for fsfreeze-thaw
# request, it is issued with "thaw" argument after filesystem is thawed.

LOGFILE=/var/log/qga-fsfreeze-hook.log
FSFREEZE_D=$(dirname -- "$0")/fsfreeze-hook.d

# Check whether file $1 is a backup or rpm-generated file and should be ignored
is_ignored_file() {
    case "$1" in
        *~ | *.bak | *.orig | *.rpmnew | *.rpmorig | *.rpmsave | *.sample)
            return 0 ;;
    esac
    return 1
}

# Iterate executables in directory "fsfreeze-hook.d" with the specified args
[ ! -d "$FSFREEZE_D" ] && exit 0
for file in "$FSFREEZE_D"/* ; do
    is_ignored_file "$file" && continue
    [ -x "$file" ] || continue
    printf "$(date): execute $file $@\n" >>$LOGFILE
    "$file" "$@" >>$LOGFILE 2>&1
    STATUS=$?
    printf "$(date): $file finished with status=$STATUS\n" >>$LOGFILE
done

exit 0

  • Creare lo script /etc/qemu/fsfreeze-hook.d/mysql-flush.sh contenente quanto segue (nota se occorre o meno inserire il parametro per la password nella variabile MYSQL_OPTS): 

    #!/bin/bash

# Flush MySQL tables to the disk before the filesystem is frozen.
# At the same time, this keeps a read lock in order to avoid write accesses
# from the other clients until the filesystem is thawed.

MYSQL="/usr/bin/mysql"
MYSQL_OPTS="-uroot" #"-prootpassword"
FIFO=/var/run/mysql-flush.fifo

# Check mysql is installed and the server running
[ -x "$MYSQL" ] && "$MYSQL" $MYSQL_OPTS < /dev/null || exit 0

flush_and_wait() {
    printf "FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK \\G\n"
    trap 'printf "$(date): $0 is killed\n">&2' HUP INT QUIT ALRM TERM
    read < $FIFO
    printf "UNLOCK TABLES \\G\n"
    rm -f $FIFO
}

case "$1" in
    freeze)
        mkfifo $FIFO || exit 1
        flush_and_wait | "$MYSQL" $MYSQL_OPTS &
        # wait until every block is flushed
        while [ "$(echo 'SHOW STATUS LIKE "Key_blocks_not_flushed"' |\
                 "$MYSQL" $MYSQL_OPTS | tail -1 | cut -f 2)" -gt 0 ]; do
            sleep 1
        done
        # for InnoDB, wait until every log is flushed
        INNODB_STATUS=$(mktemp /tmp/mysql-flush.XXXXXX)
        [ $? -ne 0 ] && exit 2
        trap "rm -f $INNODB_STATUS; exit 1" HUP INT QUIT ALRM TERM
        while :; do
            printf "SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS \\G" |\
                "$MYSQL" $MYSQL_OPTS > $INNODB_STATUS
            LOG_CURRENT=$(grep 'Log sequence number' $INNODB_STATUS |\
                          tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f4)
            LOG_FLUSHED=$(grep 'Log flushed up to' $INNODB_STATUS |\
                          tr -s ' ' | cut -d' ' -f5)
            [ "$LOG_CURRENT" = "$LOG_FLUSHED" ] && break
            sleep 1
        done
        rm -f $INNODB_STATUS
        ;;

    thaw)
        [ ! -p $FIFO ] && exit 1
        echo > $FIFO
        ;;

    *)
        exit 1
        ;;
esac
  • Rendere eseguibili da root i due script appena creati

Fatto questo, quando si lancia un backup il DB verrà flushato e lockato in scrittura per un secondo circa, il tempo di creare lo snapshot per il backup, poi verrà immediatamente sbloccato. Il risultato, nel log del guest, è una cosa tipo: 

Jul 21 14:24:23 web1 qemu-ga: info: guest-fsfreeze called
Jul 21 14:24:23 web1 qemu-ga: info: executing fsfreeze hook with arg 'freeze'
Jul 21 14:24:23 web1 qemu-ga: info: executing fsfreeze hook with arg 'thaw'

andrea

Read more
No Comments

Autenticazione SSSD/LDAP su AD

/etc/portage/package.use

=sys-auth/sssd-1.16.3-r1 ssh sudo
&gt;=sys-libs/pam-1.3.0-r2 audit

emerge sssd

/etc/sshd/sssd.conf

[pam]
reconnection_retries = 3
[domain/LDAP]
id_provider = ldap
auth_provider = ldap
ldap_schema = AD
#ldap_schema = rfc2307bis
ldap_access_order = expire
ldap_account_expire_policy = ad
ldap_force_upper_case_realm = true
ldap_id_mapping = true
ldap_uri = ldaps://,ldap://
ldap_default_bind_dn = ...
ldap_default_authtok = ...
ldap_default_authtok_type = password
#ldap_referrals = false
ldap_search_base = ...
#ldap_user_search_base = ...
ldap_user_search_base = ...
ldap_user_object_class = user
ldap_user_principal = userPrincipalName
ldap_user_name = sAMAccountName
ldap_user_fullname = displayName
ldap_group_search_base = ...
ldap_group_object_class = group
ldap_group_name = sAMAccountName
ldap_tls_reqcert = never
#ldap_tls_reqcert = hard
ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
ldap_id_use_start_tls = true
override_shell = /bin/bash
cache_credentials = true
enumerate = true
#ldap_rfc2307_fallback_to_local_users = true
override_homedir = /home/%u
#min_id = 10000
#ldap_group_gid = 9999
#override_gid = 9999
#ad_gpo_access_control = disabled
access_provider = simple
simple_allow_groups = ..., ...
#access_provider = ldap
#ldap_access_order = filter
#ldap_group_member = member
#ldap_access_filter = (|(memberOf=CN=...)(memberOf=CN=...))

nsswitch.conf

passwd: compat
shadow: compat
group: compat
passwd: db files nis sss
shadow: db files nis sss
group: db files nis sss
#group: db files nis
hosts: files dns
networks: files dns
services: db files
protocols: db files
rpc: db files
ethers: db files
netmasks: files
netgroup: files sss
bootparams: files
sudoers: ldap files sss
automount: files
aliases: files

/etc/pam.d/system-auth

auth sufficient pam_sss.so forward_pass
auth required pam_env.so
auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass likeauth nullok
auth optional pam_permit.so
account [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore authinfo_unavail=ignore] pam_sss.so
account required pam_unix.so
account optional pam_permit.so
password sufficient pam_sss.so use_authtok
password sufficient pam_cracklib.so difok=2 minlen=8 dcredit=2 ocredit=2 retry=3
password required pam_unix.so try_first_pass use_authtok nullok sha512 shadow
password optional pam_permit.so
session required pam_tty_audit.so enable=*
session required pam_mkhomedir.so skel=/etc/skel/ umask=0077
session required pam_limits.so
session required pam_env.so
session required pam_unix.so
session optional pam_permit.so

sshd_config



UsePAM yes




getent passwd


getent groups


andrea









            

                        

        

    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    









    
    


	
HP Tools per il controller SAS [SSACLI]
	

		
		
	

	



    
    
    


        

    
Crea un file hp.list in /etc/apt/sources.list.d contenente


deb http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/repo/mcp stretch/current non-free



Importa le chiavi:


curl http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/hpPublicKey1024.pub | apt-key add -
curl http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/hpPublicKey2048.pub | apt-key add -
curl http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/hpPublicKey2048_key1.pub | apt-key add -
curl http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/hpePublicKey2048_key1.pub | apt-key add -



Aggiorna i repository:


apt-get update
apt dist-upgrade



Installa i pacchetti del controller:


apt install ssacli ssaducli amsd hponcfg



Licenze SMARTCACHE

HPE Manual


ssacli ctrl slot=0 lk all show
ssacli ctrl slot=0 add lk=3MXBB-P2ZCC-ML82H-PB8CS-ZXXXX



HPE Smart Array P408i-a SR Gen10 in Slot 0 (Embedded)

licensekey 3MXBB-P2ZCC-ML82H-PB8CS-ZLZNR (OK)


Attivare rc.local Rc.local in Debian stretch

Inserire in rc.local:


echo 655360 &gt; /proc/sys/vm/min_free_kbytes
echo 0 &gt; /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs
echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
echo 50 &gt; /proc/sys/vm/vfs_cache_pressure
echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict
ssacli controller slot=0 modify cacheratio=70/30
ssacli controller slot=0 modify dwc=enable
HBA=( sda sdb )
for DISK in "${HBA[@]}"
do
echo noop &gt; /sys/block/$DISK/queue/scheduler
echo 1024 &gt; /sys/block/$DISK/queue/nr_requests
echo 1024 &gt; /sys/block/$DISK/queue/read_ahead_kb
sdparm --set WCE=1 /dev/$DISK 2&gt;/dev/null
done



Inserire in .bashrc:


ssacli ctrl all show status
ssacli ctrl slot=0 pd all show status
ssacli ctrl slot=0 ld all show



In cron.hourly:


#!/bin/bash
# Check for HP Smart Array Controller
ssacli ctrl all show config | grep "Smart Array" &amp;&gt;/dev/null
# If Smart Array Controller exists continue with script if not exit script
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# Check HP Smart Array disk status for string "OK"
ssacli ctrl slot=0 pd all show status | grep physicaldrive | grep -vi "OK" &amp;&gt;/dev/null
# If all disks do not report "OK" then continue with script otherwise exit.
if [ $? -eq 1 ]; then
exit 0
else
# Display hostname, HP serial number, disks and RAID configuration of disks
# that failed
ALERT="ALERT-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)"
echo "Hostname: $(hostname)" &gt; /root/$ALERT
echo "HP Serial Number: $(dmidecode -t 1 | grep "Serial" | awk '{print $3}')" &gt;&gt; /root/$ALERT
echo "----------------------------------------------------------------------------" &gt;&gt; /root/$ALERT
ssacli ctrl all show config &gt;&gt; /root/$ALERT
cat /root/$ALERT | mail -s "$(hostname)-$ALERT" &lt;..&gt; -c&lt;..&gt;
ssacli ctrl slot=0 pd all show detail &gt;&gt; /root/$ALERT
exit 1
fi
else
echo "HP Smart Array Card not installed"
exit 0
fi



Comandi SSACLI


andrea









            

                        

        

    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    









    
    


	
Reverse Proxy Apache HTTPS High Security and Mod_Security
	

		
		
	

	



    
    
    


        

    
Listen 443
# security
ServerTokens Prod
ServerSignature Off
# modules
LoadModule allowmethods_module modules/mod_allowmethods.so
<Proxy "balancer://cluster443">
        BalancerMember "https://XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:443" ttl=240 keepalive=On route=1
        BalancerMember "https://XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:443" ttl=240 keepalive=On route=2
        ProxySet stickysession=ROUTEID
</Proxy>
<VirtualHost <FQDN>:443>
        ServerName <FQDN>
        # Status manager bilanciamento
        ProxyPass /balancer-manager !
        ProxyPass               "/"     "balancer://cluster443/"
        ProxyPassReverse        "/"     "balancer://cluster443/"
        #ProxyPreserveHost On
        ProxyRequests On
        ProxyVia off
        # autenticazione server ------------------------------------------
        <IfModule mod_ssl.c>
                SSLEngine On
                #SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:!EXPORT40:!SSLv2:!LOW
                SSLCertificateFile <CRT>
                SSLCertificateChainFile <PEM>
                SSLCertificateKeyFile <KEY>
                SSLCACertificateFile <PEM>
                SSLProxyEngine On
                SSLProxyCheckPeerName off
                SSLProxyVerify none
                SSLProxyCheckPeerCN off
                SSLProxyCheckPeerExpire off
                # Cipher Suite e Protocolli
                SSLProtocol All -SSLv2 -SSLv3 -TLSv1 -TLSv1.1
                SSLHonorCipherOrder On
                SSLCipherSuite EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH
        </IfModule>
        RewriteEngine On
        RewriteCond %{SSL:SSL_PROTOCOL} ^SSLv3$
        RewriteRule ^.*$ http://<SERVER>/SSLv3/ [L,R=302]
        # No HTTP1.0
        RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} !HTTP/1.1$
        RewriteRule .* - [F]
        # - direttive generali -------------------------------------------
        DocumentRoot <ROOT>
        # sicurezza
        RequestReadTimeout header=20-40,MinRate=500 body=20-60,MinRate=500
        RequestHeader set X-Forwarded-Proto "https" env=HTTPS
        Header always set X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block"
        Header always set Content-Security-Policy "upgrade-insecure-requests; default-src https:"
        Header always append X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN
        Header always set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
        Header edit Set-Cookie ^(.*)$ $1;HttpOnly;Secure
        FileETag None
        TraceEnable off
        <Location "/">
                AllowMethods GET POST OPTIONS
        </Location>
        # cache
        ExpiresActive On
        Header unset Etag
        Header unset Cache-Control
        Header unset Expires
        Header unset Pragma
        Header set Cache-Control "private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform"
        Header set Pragma "no-cache"
        # mod_security
        SecRuleEngine DetectionOnly
        #SecRule ARGS:testparam "@contains test" "id:1234,deny,status:403,msg:'Our test rule has triggered'"
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_47_common_exceptions.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_20_protocol_violations.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_23_request_limits.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_42_tight_security.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_21_protocol_anomalies.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_41_xss_attacks.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_50_outbound.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_45_trojans.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_60_correlation.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_59_outbound_blocking.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_40_generic_attacks.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_49_inbound_blocking.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_41_sql_injection_attacks.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_30_http_policy.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_35_bad_robots.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/base_rules/modsecurity_crs_48_local_exceptions.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_55_marketing.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_47_skip_outbound_checks.conf
        #IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_42_comment_spam.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_13_xml_enabler.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_11_avs_traffic.conf
        #IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_25_cc_known.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_16_session_hijacking.conf
        #IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_55_application_defects.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_49_header_tagging.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_46_av_scanning.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_16_username_tracking.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_43_csrf_protection.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_16_authentication_tracking.conf
        #IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/optional_rules/modsecurity_crs_10_ignore_static.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/crs-setup.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-901-INITIALIZATION.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-903.9001-DRUPAL-EXCLUSION-RULES.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-903.9002-WORDPRESS-EXCLUSION-RULES.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-903.9003-NEXTCLOUD-EXCLUSION-RULES.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-903.9004-DOKUWIKI-EXCLUSION-RULES.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-903.9005-CPANEL-EXCLUSION-RULES.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-905-COMMON-EXCEPTIONS.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-910-IP-REPUTATION.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-911-METHOD-ENFORCEMENT.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-912-DOS-PROTECTION.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-913-SCANNER-DETECTION.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-914-FILE-DETECTION.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-920-PROTOCOL-ENFORCEMENT.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-921-PROTOCOL-ATTACK.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-930-APPLICATION-ATTACK-LFI.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-931-APPLICATION-ATTACK-RFI.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-932-APPLICATION-ATTACK-RCE.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-933-APPLICATION-ATTACK-PHP.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-941-APPLICATION-ATTACK-XSS.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-942-APPLICATION-ATTACK-SQLI.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-943-APPLICATION-ATTACK-SESSION-FIXATION.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-944-APPLICATION-ATTACK-JAVA.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/REQUEST-949-BLOCKING-EVALUATION.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/RESPONSE-950-DATA-LEAKAGES.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/RESPONSE-951-DATA-LEAKAGES-SQL.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/RESPONSE-952-DATA-LEAKAGES-JAVA.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/RESPONSE-953-DATA-LEAKAGES-PHP.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/RESPONSE-954-DATA-LEAKAGES-IIS.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/RESPONSE-959-BLOCKING-EVALUATION.conf
        IncludeOptional /etc/modsecurity/git/RESPONSE-980-CORRELATION.conf
        SecAuditEngine On
#       SecAuditEngine RelevantOnly
#       SecAuditLogRelevantStatus ^1-5
#       SecAuditLogParts ABCIFHZ
        SecAuditLogType Serial
        SecAuditLog /var/log/apache2/modsec_audit.log
</VirtualHost>



andrea









            

                        

        

    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    









    
    


	
Debian Bonding LACP con Switch HP 1820-24G
	

		
		
	

	



    
    
    


        

    




Una volta configurato lo switch HP 1820-24G Switch J9980A per avere il port trunking tra le porte selezionate ed eventualmente aver assegnato il trunk alla VLAN si passa alla configurazione del sistema.

Attenzione che HP chiama Trunk dinamico la modalità LACP.


Ho trovato in alcuni howto questa specifica.

Male non dovrebbe fare.


echo "mii" >> /etc/modules



Si passa alla configurazione dell file /etc/network/interfaces in questo modo.


auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
iface enp2s0f0 inet manual
        post-up ifconfig enp2s0f0 txqueuelen 5000 && ifconfig enp2s0f0 mtu 9000
iface enp2s0f1 inet manual
        post-up ifconfig enp2s0f1 txqueuelen 5000 && ifconfig enp2s0f1 mtu 9000
auto bond0
iface bond0 inet manual
        bond-slaves enp2s0f0 enp2s0f1
        bond-mode 802.3ad
        bond-miimon 100
        bond-downdelay 200
        bond-updelay 200
        bond-lacp-rate 1
        bond-xmit-hash-policy layer2+3
        post-up ifconfig bond0 mtu 9000 && ifconfig bond0 txqueuelen 5000
auto vmbr0
iface vmbr0 inet static
        address  172.16.5.10
        netmask  255.255.255.0
        bridge_ports bond0
        bridge_stp off
        bridge_fd 0
        post-up ifconfig vmbr0 mtu 9000 && ifconfig vmbr0 txqueuelen 5000



A questo punto dopo il riavvio il Bond/Trunk risulterà attivo.


# dmesg


igb 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0f0: igb: enp2s0f0 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: None
bond0: link status up for interface enp2s0f0, enabling it in 0 ms
bond0: link status definitely up for interface enp2s0f0, 1000 Mbps full duplex
bond0: Warning: No 802.3ad response from the link partner for any adapters in the bond
bond0: first active interface up!
vmbr0: port 1(bond0) entered blocking state
vmbr0: port 1(bond0) entered forwarding state
IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): vmbr0: link becomes ready
igb 0000:02:00.1 enp2s0f1: igb: enp2s0f1 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: None
bond0: link status up for interface enp2s0f1, enabling it in 200 ms
bond0: link status definitely up for interface enp2s0f1, 1000 Mbps full duplex



# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0


Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)
Bonding Mode: IEEE 802.3ad Dynamic link aggregation
Transmit Hash Policy: layer2+3 (2)
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 200
Down Delay (ms): 200
802.3ad info
LACP rate: fast
Min links: 0
Aggregator selection policy (ad_select): stable
System priority: 65535
System MAC address: 90:e2:ba:74:28:f8
Active Aggregator Info:
        Aggregator ID: 1
        Number of ports: 2
        Actor Key: 9
        Partner Key: 54
        Partner Mac Address: 70:10:6f:71:3a:80
Slave Interface: enp2s0f0
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 90:e2:ba:74:28:f8
Slave queue ID: 0
Aggregator ID: 1
Actor Churn State: none
Partner Churn State: none
Actor Churned Count: 0
Partner Churned Count: 0
details actor lacp pdu:
    system priority: 65535
    system mac address: 90:e2:ba:74:28:f8
    port key: 9
    port priority: 255
    port number: 1
    port state: 63
details partner lacp pdu:
    system priority: 32768
    system mac address: 70:10:6f:71:3a:80
    oper key: 54
    port priority: 128
    port number: 12
    port state: 61
Slave Interface: enp2s0f1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 90:e2:ba:74:28:f9
Slave queue ID: 0
Aggregator ID: 1
Actor Churn State: none
Partner Churn State: none
Actor Churned Count: 0
Partner Churned Count: 0
details actor lacp pdu:
    system priority: 65535
    system mac address: 90:e2:ba:74:28:f8
    port key: 9
    port priority: 255
    port number: 2
    port state: 63
details partner lacp pdu:
    system priority: 32768
    system mac address: 70:10:6f:71:3a:80
    oper key: 54
    port priority: 128
    port number: 10
    port state: 61



andrea









            

                        

        

    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    









    
    


	
Centos 7 Cluster PCS
	

		
		
	

	



    
    
    


        

    
Installo due VM in VirtualBox identiche (4C, 4Gb RAM, 32Gb HDD) con una versione minimale di Centos 7 aggiornata.


Aggiorno il kernel a 4.16 dal repository elrepo.


# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available
# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml kernel-ml-devel



Edito il file /etc/default/grub


GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"



Ed eseguo per attivare la modifica precedente.


# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg



Aggiungo qualche pacchetto.


# yum install epel-release.noarch
# yum update
# yum group install "Development Tools"
# yum install bzip2 net-tools psmisc nmap acpid unzip



Modifico /etc/hosts sui due nodi.


192.168.254.83  nodeA.netlite.it nodeA
192.168.254.84  nodeB.netlite.it nodeB



Installo i numerosi pacchetti necessari al cluster.


# yum install pcs fence-agents-all -y



Aggiungo le regole di firewalling.


# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=high-availability
# firewall-cmd --add-service=high-availability
# firewall-cmd --list-service
dhcpv6-client ssh high-availability



Modifico la password dell’utente hacluster.


# passwd hacluster
Changing password for user hacluster.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.



Avvio i servizi.


# systemctl start pcsd.service
# systemctl enable pcsd.service



Autorizzo i nodi del cluster.


# pcs cluster auth nodeA.netlite.it nodeB.netlite.it
Username: hacluster
Password:
nodeA.netlite.it: Authorized
nodeB.netlite.it: Authorized



Inizializzo il cluster.


# pcs cluster setup --start --name ClusterTest nodeA.netlite.it                                                        nodeB.netlite.it
Destroying cluster on nodes: nodeA.netlite.it, nodeB.netlite.it...
nodeA.netlite.it: Stopping Cluster (pacemaker)...
nodeB.netlite.it: Stopping Cluster (pacemaker)...
nodeB.netlite.it: Successfully destroyed cluster
nodeA.netlite.it: Successfully destroyed cluster
Sending 'pacemaker_remote authkey' to 'nodeA.netlite.it', 'nodeB.netlite.it'
nodeA.netlite.it: successful distribution of the file 'pacemaker_remote authkey'
nodeB.netlite.it: successful distribution of the file 'pacemaker_remote authkey'
Sending cluster config files to the nodes...
nodeA.netlite.it: Succeeded
nodeB.netlite.it: Succeeded
Starting cluster on nodes: nodeA.netlite.it, nodeB.netlite.it...
nodeB.netlite.it: Starting Cluster...
nodeA.netlite.it: Starting Cluster...
Synchronizing pcsd certificates on nodes nodeA.netlite.it, nodeB.netlite.it...
nodeA.netlite.it: Success
nodeB.netlite.it: Success
Restarting pcsd on the nodes in order to reload the certificates...
nodeA.netlite.it: Success
nodeB.netlite.it: Success



Abilito il cluster.


# pcs cluster enable --all



Visualizzo lo stato.


# pcs cluster status
Cluster Status:
 Stack: corosync
 Current DC: nodeA.netlite.it (version 1.1.16-12.el7_4.8-94ff4df) - partition with quorum
 Last updated: Tue Apr  3 13:02:21 2018
 Last change: Tue Apr  3 13:00:43 2018 by hacluster via crmd on nodeA.netlite.it
 2 nodes configured
 0 resources configured
PCSD Status:
  nodeA.netlite.it: Online
  nodeB.netlite.it: Online



Status dettagliati.


# pcs status
Cluster name: ClusterTest
WARNING: no stonith devices and stonith-enabled is not false
Stack: corosync
Current DC: nodeA.netlite.it (version 1.1.16-12.el7_4.8-94ff4df) - partition with quorum
Last updated: Tue Apr  3 13:02:53 2018
Last change: Tue Apr  3 13:00:43 2018 by hacluster via crmd on nodeA.netlite.it
2 nodes configured
0 resources configured
Online: [ nodeA.netlite.it nodeB.netlite.it ]
No resources
Daemon Status:
  corosync: active/enabled
  pacemaker: active/enabled
  pcsd: active/enabled



Disabilito i device stonith (meglio non farlo ma per test è ok).


# pcs property set stonith-enabled=false


In caso sia necessario attivare i devices qui c’è un buon punto di partenza STONITH.


Configuro un FS.


# pcs resource create httpd_fs Filesystem device="/dev/mapper/vg_apache-lv_apache" directory="/var/www" fstype="ext4" --group apache



Configuro un VIP.


# pcs resource create httpd_vip IPaddr2 ip=192.168.12.100 cidr_netmask=24 --group apache



Configuro un servizio.


# firewall-cmd --add-service=http
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
# pcs resource create httpd_ser apache configfile="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" statusurl="http://127.0.0.1/server-status" --group apache



Disabilita un nodo.


# pcs cluster stop nodeA.netlite.it



Comandi utili.


# pcs resource move apache nodeA.netlite.it
# pcs resource stop apache nodeB.netlite.it
# pcs resource disable apache nodeB.netlite.it
# pcs resource enable apache nodeB.netlite.it
# pcs resource restart apache



andrea









            

                        

        

    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    









    
    


	
centos 7 cluster
	

		
		
	

	



    
    
    


        

    
Procedura di setup Centos 7:


yum install epel-release.noarch
yum install net-tools
yum install psmisc
yum install httpd
yum install perl
yum install perl-Digest-MD5
rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
yum install -y kmod-drbd84 drbd84-utils
crm_verify -L -V
/bin/systemctl start  pacemaker.service
crmadmin configure property stonith-enabled=false
service corosync restart
service pacemaker restart
yum install nmap
yum install open-vm-tools
service vmtoolsd start
systemctl enable vmtoolsd
yum install acpid
yum install unzip
yum install mod_ssl.x86_64



Configurazione cluster unicast:


logging {
        fileline: off
        to_logfile: yes
        logfile: /var/log/cluster/corosync.log
        to_stderr: no
        debug: off
        timestamp: on
        to_syslog: yes
        logger_subsys {
                subsys: QUORUM
                debug: off
        }
}
totem {
        version: 2
        token: 3000
        secauth: on
        rrp_mode: active
        interface {
                member {
                        memberaddr: 172.31.252.41
                }
                member {
                        memberaddr: 172.31.252.42
                }
                ringnumber: 0
                bindnetaddr: 172.31.252.0
                mcastport: 694
                ttl: 1
        }
        transport: udpu
}
quorum {
        provider: corosync_votequorum
        expected_votes: 2
}
</code>
Configurazione Apache come reverse proxy:
<code>
<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerName webmail.xxxx.it
        Redirect    /   https://webmail.xxxx.it/
        #    ProxyRequests Off
        #    <Proxy *>
        #        Order deny,allow
        #        Allow from all
        #    </Proxy>
        #    ProxyPass / http://XX.XX.XX.XX/
        #    ProxyPassReverse / http://XX.XX.XX.XX/
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
        ServerName webmail.xxxx.it
        RewriteEngine on
        ProxyPass           /        http://XX.XX.XX.XX/          retry=0 ttl=120 timeout=120
        ProxyPassReverse    /        http://XX.XX.XX.XX/
        <IfModule mod_ssl.c>
                SSLEngine On
                SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
                SSLHonorCipherOrder on
                SSLCipherSuite "EECDH+ECDSA+AESGCM EECDH+aRSA+AESGCM EECDH+ECDSA+SHA384 EECDH+ECDSA+SHA256 EECDH+aRSA+SHA384 EECDH+aRSA+SHA256 EECDH+aRSA+RC4 EECDH EDH+aRSA RC4 !aNULL !eNULL !LOW !3DES !MD5 !EXP !PSK !SRP !DSS !RC4"
                #SSLSessionCache         shmcb:/run/httpd/sslcache(512000)
                #SSLSessionCacheTimeout  300
                #128bit
                #SSLProtocol ALL -SSLv2
                #SSLCipherSuite ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DS
                # 40 bit
                #SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:!EXPORT40:!SSLv2:!LOW
                SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/2017/STAR_xxxx_it.crt
                SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/httpd/ssl/2017/COMODORSADomainValidationSecureServerCA.crt
                SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/2017/xxxx.it.key
                ErrorDocument 403 http://www.xxxx.it/
                ErrorDocument 404 http://www.xxxx.it/
        </IfModule>
        ProxyRequests on
        ProxyVia on
        AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
</VirtualHost>



Configurazione di sicurezza vari servizi:


https://cipherli.st/










    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    









    
    


	
Microsoft Exchange OWA e  Outlook Anywhere con Reverse Proxy Squid
	

		
		
	

	



    
    
    


        

    
img4


Volendo realizzare un reverse proxy per Exchange 2016 OWA e Outlook Anywhere l’unica possibilità per avere il supporto RPC over HTTP è utilizzare squid come reverse proxy.


Squid pubblica un howto per configurare correttamente il servizio per questo compito, qui un link tuttavia la guia non è esaustiva.


Versione aggiornata 2017 con Centos7 e Squid 3.5 per Exchange 2016 e valutazione A su Qualsys ssl test.


client_persistent_connections off
sslproxy_options NO_SSLv3,NO_SSLv2,SINGLE_DH_USE
sslproxy_cipher HIGH:MEDIUM:!RC4:!aNULL:!eNULL:!LOW:!3DES:!MD5:!EXP:!PSK:!SRP:!DSS:!IDEA
workers 4
buffered_logs on
forwarded_for on
maximum_object_size 512 MB
cache_mem 2 GB
cache_replacement_policy heap LFUDA
memory_replacement_policy heap GDSF
#cache_replacement_policy GDSF
#memory_replacement_policy lru
memory_pools on
http_port 0.0.0.0:80 accel
https_port 0.0.0.0:443 accel \
        cert=/etc/squid/ssl/<certificate>.cer \
        key=/etc/squid/ssl/<key>.key \
        cafile=/etc/squid/ssl/<ca>.pem \
        options=NO_SSLv3,NO_SSLv2,SINGLE_DH_USE,SINGLE_ECDH_USE,CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE \
        cipher=HIGH:MEDIUM:!RC4:!aNULL:!eNULL:!LOW:!3DES:!MD5:!EXP:!PSK:!SRP:!DSS \
        dhparams=/etc/squid/ssl/dhparam.pem \
        tls-dh=prime256v1:/etc/squid/ssl/dhparam.pem \
        defaultsite=<domain>
cache_peer <IP> parent 443 0 \
        no-query originserver \
        login=PASSTHRU connection-auth=on \
        ssl sslflags=DONT_VERIFY_PEER \
        front-end-https \
        ssloptions=NO_SSLv2 \
        name=exchangeServer
##acl manager proto cache_object (OPTIONAL)
#for squidclient access
#acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32
#http_access allow manager localhost
http_access deny manager
# ACL to allow your FQDNs
acl MS-OWA dstdomain <domain> autodiscover.<domain>
# Redirect port 80 requests to port 443
acl port80 myport 80
http_access deny port80 MS-OWA
# ecp
acl ecp_eccezione urlpath_regex ^/ecp/MyGroups
http_access allow ecp_eccezione
acl ecp urlpath_regex ^/ecp
deny_info https://<domain>/owa ecp
http_access deny ecp
deny_info https://<domain>/owa MS-OWA
cache_peer_access exchangeServer allow MS-OWA
cache_peer_access exchangeServer deny all
never_direct allow MS-OWA
cache deny all
# Lock down access to just the Exchange Server!
http_access allow MS-OWA
http_access deny all
miss_access allow MS-OWA
miss_access deny all



Disable TLS Compression in /etc/sysconfig/squid add


export OPENSSL_NO_DEFAULT_ZLIB=1



Perfect Forward Secrecy


openssl dhparam -out /etc/squid/ssl/dhparams.pem 2048



CA Chain es.DigiCert SHA2 High Assurance Server CA

Sito: https://www.digicert.com/digicert-root-certificates.htm


wget https://www.digicert.com/CACerts/DigiCertSHA2HighAssuranceServerCA.crt
openssl x509 -inform DER -in DigiCertSHA2HighAssuranceServerCA.crt -out DigiCertSHA2HighAssuranceServerCA.pem -outform PEM



Link utili:


<blockquote data-secret="5eVCDR9zto" class="wp-embedded-content"><a href="http://www.rawiriblundell.com/?p=1442">squid reverse proxy: improving your ssllabs score</a></blockquote>
<iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="http://www.rawiriblundell.com/?p=1442&#038;embed=true#?secret=5eVCDR9zto" data-secret="5eVCDR9zto" width="600" height="338" title="&#8220;squid reverse proxy: improving your ssllabs score&#8221; &#8212; rawiriblundell.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>



Vecchia versione, lasciata per questione storiche.


Nel configurare e testare questa configurazione abbiamo riscontrato alcuni problemi.


Il primo riguarda l’impossibilità di effettuare upload di dimensioni poco più che minime.

Il tentativo si risolve in un errore 502 sul server.

La spiegazione è data dallo strato SSL, utilizzando uno squid con il supporto per openssl 0.9.8 ad esempio il problema non si manifesta.

Analizzando il traffico abbiamo verificato che deve succedere qualcosa durante il rekey del certificato che fa chiudere la connessione al server Exchange.


Inserendo sslversion=3 nella direttiva cache_peer il problema è scomparso.


cache_peer %EXCHANGE_SERVER_FQDN% parent 443 0 no-query originserver login=PASS connection-auth=on ssl sslflags=DONT_VERIFY_PEER sslcafile=/etc/squid/server.crt sslversion=3 name=exchangeServer



Allo stesso modo per il supporto di alcune piattaforme OSX abbiamo inserito la direttiva:


client_persistent_connections off



Per finire la gestione dell’autodiscover:


acl MS-OWA dstdomain webmail.domainname.com autodiscover.domainname.com



Ecco qui il file di configurazione completo:


client_persistent_connections off
http_port 80 accel
https_port %SQUID_IP_ADDR%:443 accel cert=/etc/squid/your_ssl.crt defaultsite=webmail.domainname.com
cache_peer %EXCHANGE_SERVER_FQDN% parent 443 0 no-query originserver login=PASS connection-auth=on ssl sslflags=DONT_VERIFY_PEER sslcafile=/etc/squid/ca01.crt sslversion=3 name=exchangeServer
#acl manager proto cache_object (OPTIONAL)
#for squidclient access
acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32
http_access allow manager localhost
http_access deny manager
# ACL to allow your FQDNs
acl MS-OWA dstdomain webmail.domainname.com autodiscover.domainname.com
# Redirect port 80 requests to port 443
acl port80 myport 80
http_access deny port80 MS-OWA
deny_info https://webmail.domainname.com/%R MS-OWA
cache_peer_access exchangeServer allow MS-OWA
cache_peer_access exchangeServer deny all
never_direct allow MS-OWA
cache deny all
# Lock down access to just the Exchange Server!
http_access allow MS-OWA
http_access deny all
miss_access allow MS-OWA
miss_access deny all



E una piccola modifica al file /etc/security/limits.conf


# SQUID
squid soft nofile 32768
squid hard nofile 32768



andrea gagliardi









            

                        

        

    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    









    
    


	
Corosync/Pacemaker in Centos 7 con LCMC
	

		
		
	

	



    
    
    


        

    
Corosync/Pacemaker in Centos 7 con LCMC


Pacchetti da installare


yum install perl
yum install perl-Digest-MD5
yum install epel-release
rpm -ivh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
yum update
yum install kmod-drbd90 drbd90-utils
yum install acpid
yum install open-vm-tools



/etc/corosync/corosync.conf


logging {
        fileline: off
        to_logfile: yes
        logfile: /var/log/cluster/corosync.log
        to_stderr: no
        debug: off
        timestamp: on
        to_syslog: yes
        logger_subsys {
                subsys: QUORUM
                debug: off
        }
}
totem {
        version: 2
        token: 3000
        secauth: on
        rrp_mode: active
        transport: udpu
}
nodelist {
  node {
        ring0_addr: 172.21.8.131
        nodeid: 1
       }
  node {
        ring0_addr: 172.21.8.132
        nodeid: 2
       }
}
quorum {
        provider: corosync_votequorum
        two_node: 1
        expected_votes: 2
}



systemctl enable corosync

systemctl enable pacemaker

reboot


andrea









            

                        

        

    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    









    
    


	
tema vim
	

		
		
	

	



    
    
    


        

    
.vimrc


#execute pathogen#infect()
syntax on
filetype plugin indent on
set nowrap
set t_Co=256
set background=dark
colorscheme PaperColor



Tema PaperColor

PaperColor-Dark


Wget in /.vim/colors/


wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/NLKNguyen/papercolor-theme/master/colors/PaperColor.vim



andrea









            

                        

        

    
        

        Read more
    

    





    

    

    




    No Comments



    
    


    




    

    

    


    




				

							

		

	

	



TOP